Git is free and open source software for distributed version control: tracking changes in any set of files, usually used for coordinating work among programmers collaboratively developing source code during software development.
Git Syntax
0. git config
Usage: git config –global user.name “[name]”
Usage: git config –global user.email “[email address]”
This command sets the author name and email address respectively to be used with your commits.
1. git init
Usage: git init [repository name]
This command is used to start a new repository.
2. git clone
Usage: git clone [url]
This command is used to obtain a repository from an existing URL.
3. git add
Usage: git add [file]
This command adds a file to the staging area.
Usage: git add *
This command adds one or more to the staging area.
4. git commit
Usage: git commit -m “[ Type in the commit message]”
This command records or snapshots the file permanently in the version history.
5. git diff
Usage: git diff
This command shows the file differences which are not yet staged.
Usage: git diff –staged
This command shows the differences between the files in the staging area and the latest version present.
Usage: git diff [first branch] [second branch]
This command shows the differences between the two branches mentioned.
6. git reset
Usage: git reset [file]
This command unstages the file, but it preserves the file contents.
Usage: git reset –hard [commit]
This command discards all history and goes back to the specified commit.
7. git status
Usage: git status
This command lists all the files that have to be committed.
8. git rm
Usage: git rm [file]
This command deletes the file from your working directory and stages the deletion.
9. git log
Usage: git log
This command is used to list the version history for the current branch.
Usage: git log –follow[file]
This command lists version history for a file, including the renaming of files also.
10. git show
Usage: git show [commit]
This command shows the metadata and content changes of the specified commit.
11. git tag
Usage: git tag [commitID]
This command is used to give tags to the specified commit.
12. git branch
Usage: git branch
This command lists all the local branches in the current repository.
Usage: git branch [branch name]
This command creates a new branch.
Git Commands
CREATE & PUSH
git init
git add .
git commit -m "initial commit"
git commit --amend --date="Mon 27 Feb 14:00 2023 +0530"
git branch -m main
git remote add origin _
git push -u origin
UPDATE LOCALLY
git fetch prune
git pull -p
BRANCH
git checkout -q main
git branch -m my main
git fetch origin
git branch -u origin/main main
git remote set-head origin -a
NEW BLANK BRANCH
git checkout --orphan NEWBRANCH
git rm -rf .